Celtic and Scottish Studies Seminar Series: Sabine Hyland

In brief

Speaker - Professor Sabine Hyland (University of St Andrews)

Title - Khipus to Keep away the Living Dead: The Revival of Khipu Traditions in Peru during COVID

Abstract

By Sabine Hyland

In the peaks of the Andes, fearsome beings called condenados are believed to roam the hills, searching for human prey to devour.  Condenados are a "living dead"  people who committed great sins when alive and therefore are unable to pass into the afterlife.

According to Central Andean folklore, the only reliable way to defeat a condenado is to grab its khipu  a knotted cord that was used for communication in the Inka Empire  and put it out of reach. Without the khipu, the condenado cannot walk and its intended victim will escape.

The knots on funerary khipus embodied prayers that allowed the deceased to walk and to successfully negotiate the afterlife's many obstacles. The centuries-old custom of burying the dead with a khipu was dying out in the Central Andes.

However, our research reveals that during the Covid-19 pandemic, which has been devastating in rural areas, funerary khipus are undergoing a resurgence. Elderly khipu experts who had given up the art have been called out of retirement to create khipus for the dead.

During the pandemic, I have been conducting remote fieldwork with a Peruvian collaborator to gather information on the poorly understood tradition of funerary khipus in the Central Andes. The trauma of the pandemic has led to a return to this very traditional method of mourning through the binding together of threads  a custom that was practiced in the Central Andes during previous pandemics.

Image
artwork showing two elderly khipu experts creating a funerary khipu
Artwork by Emily Thiessen

All seminars take place fortnightly on Fridays between 13.00 and 14.00. Please contact Dr Neill Martin to receive a Zoom invitation and password. We extend a warm welcome to all with an interest in the topics presented and look forward to seeing you.  

NB The Zoom invitation will indicate a 13.00 start but the seminar will commence at 13.15.

About the Celtic and Scottish Studies Seminar Series

As the longest established department of its kind in Scotland, Celtic and Scottish Studies at Edinburgh is a major international hub for research, teaching and learning.

Each semester, we welcome a fantastic range of guest speakers and colleagues to present a lunchtime seminar on their work.

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